古法造纸、苗族蜡染、鸟笼制作、锦鸡翩舞……走进被誉为“中国非遗之乡”的贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州丹寨县，处处皆是非遗的痕迹。贵州国际传播中心主播缇娅娜踏入这片充满历史与文化的土地，当地人向她热情“安利”起家乡的珍贵技艺。

 

Ancient Papermaking, Miao Wax Dyeing, Birdcage Craftsmanship, and the Majestic Phoenix Dance…Stepping into Danzhai County, located in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province, known as the “Hometown of Chinese Intangible Cultural Heritage,” one can feel the traces of heritage all around. Tatiana, an anchor from the Guizhou International Communication Center, set foot on this land rich with history and culture. The locals enthusiastically shared their precious heritage with her, proudly promoting their hometown’s traditional crafts.

 

在众多非遗项目中，被提及最多的，是有着“东方第一染”美誉的苗族蜡染。缇娅娜走进一家名为“宁航蜡染”的非遗工坊，得知这里是国家级非遗生产性保护示范基地。在工坊带头人宁曼丽女士的引领下，缇娅娜亲身体验了苗族蜡染的制作流程。从布料的细选到融蜡、画蜡，再到蓝靛的制作与浸染、脱蜡，繁复的工艺背后，承载着苗族千年的历史与文明。

 

Among the numerous intangible cultural heritage projects, the one mentioned the most is Miao wax dyeing, which holds the prestigious title of “The Top Dye of the East.” Tatiana visited a workshop named "Ning Hang Wax Dyeing," which she learned was a national demonstration base for the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage. Led by Ning Manli, the head of the workshop, Tatiana personally experienced the intricate process of Miao wax dyeing. From carefully selecting the fabric, melting the wax, and painting the patterns to preparing the indigo dye, dipping the fabric, and finally removing the wax, each step in this complex craft carries the weight of Miao people's thousand-year-old history and civilization.

 

工坊里有49位手艺人，她们从大山深处走来，秉承着“一群人，一件事，一辈子”的信念，将脑海中的想象化作笔尖生动的画作。一笔一划，都含着对传统的敬畏和对未来的希望。青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝——在这里，蜂蜡与蓝靛草的巧妙运用，孕育出独属于苗族的艺术形式，每一幅蜡染作品，是历史的映像与时代的回声。

 

Inside the workshop, 49 artisans who have journeyed from the deep mountains work diligently. They adhere to the belief of "A group of people, one craft, for a lifetime," transforming their boundless imagination into vivid art through their brushes. Every stroke and every line holds a deep reverence for tradition and a hopeful vision for the future. "Blue emerges from indigo but is bluer than indigo"—here, the ingenious use of beeswax and indigo plants has given birth to a unique form of Miao art. Each piece of wax-dyed fabric is not just a work of art but a reflection of history and an echo of the present.

 

丹寨的苗族聚居区，在与外界的长期隔绝中，逐渐形成了自给自足的生活方式，也让古老的蜡染技艺得以完整保留。按照苗族习俗，蜡染技艺代代相传，所有女性都肩负着传承的责任。每位母亲都有义务将蜡染技艺教授给自己的女儿。从栽靛植棉到纺纱织布，从画蜡挑秀到浸染剪裁，这一切成为苗族女性自幼便习得的生活技艺，代代相承，绵延不绝。于是，蜡染不仅是一门手艺，更是一种文化，主导着苗族的衣饰装束、婚庆礼俗、社交方式，甚至丧葬风习，融汇成一部以蜡染为核心的民族史诗。

 

In the Miao communities of Danzhai, long periods of isolation from the outside world have led to a self-sufficient way of life, allowing the ancient art of wax dyeing to be preserved in its entirety. According to Miao customs, the wax dyeing craft is passed down through generations, with every woman bearing the responsibility of its transmission. Each mother is duty-bound to teach her daughter the skills of wax dyeing. From growing indigo and planting cotton to spinning and weaving, from painting wax patterns to dyeing and cutting, these tasks have become essential skills for Miao women, learned from a young age and passed down through the generations. In this way, wax dyeing has evolved into more than just a craft; it is a culture that influences Miao clothing, wedding customs, social interactions, and even funeral rituals, weaving a cultural epic with wax dyeing at its core.

 

苗族蜡染，不仅是历史的承载者，更是文明的见证。跟随缇娅娜的脚步，踏入丹寨这片蜡染的世界，去聆听每一块布料背后，那些蜡染手艺人的故事，去感受他们指尖流淌的历史与情感……

 

Miao wax dyeing is not only a carrier of history but also a witness to the brilliance of civilization. Follow in Tatiana's footsteps as she explores the world of Miao wax dyeing in Danzhai, and listen to the stories of the artisans behind each piece of fabric. Feel the history and emotions that flow through their fingertips, shaping the legacy of this ancient art…

 

 

贵州日报国际传播中心 王旗 缇娅娜 郭加尧

编辑 陈大炜

二审 庞博

三审 闵捷